The interior of Hagia Sophia was paneled with costly colored marbles and ornamental stone inlays. Decorative marble columns were taken from ancient buildings and reused to support the interior arcades. Initially, the upper part of the building was minimally decorated in gold with a huge cross in a medallion at the summit of the dome. After the period of Iconoclasm — , new figural mosaics were added, some of which have survived to the present day.
During this period, minarets were built around the perimeter of the building complex, Christian mosaic icons were covered with whitewash, and exterior buttresses were added for structural support. In , the Turkish government secularized the building, converting it into a museum, and the original mosaics were restored.
Wegner, Emma. Evans, Helen C. Byzantium: Faith and Power — How would he build a circular dome atop a square base? Anthemius arrived at a revolutionary solution. He built four massive columns at the corner of each square. On top of the columns, he built four arches. He then filled the spaces between the arches with masonry to create curved triangular shapes called pendentives. History Magazine These 3,year-old giants watched over the cemeteries of Sardinia.
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Why are people so dang obsessed with Mars? How viruses shape our world. Four minarets were also added to the original building during this period, partly for religious purposes for the muezzin call to prayer and partly to fortify the structure following earthquakes that struck the city around this time. From —nine years after the Republic of Turkey was established by Ataturk—to , the legendary structure was operated as a museum by the national government. Beginning in , some Islamic religious leaders in the country sought to have the Hagia Sophia once again opened as a mosque.
Hagia Sophia Museum. Allen, William. Matthews, Owen Hagia Sophia. Ancient History Encyclopedia. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. The Pantheon is one of the best-preserved monuments of ancient Rome.
The structure, completed around A. The Pantheon is situated on Delphi was an ancient religious sanctuary dedicated to the Greek god Apollo. Developed in the 8th century B. The Parthenon is a resplendent marble temple built between and B. Dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, the Parthenon sits high atop a compound of temples known as the Acropolis of Athens. Throughout the centuries, the Ephesus was an ancient port city whose well-preserved ruins are in modern-day Turkey.
The city was once considered the most important Greek city and the most important trading center in the Mediterranean region.
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