Polio can strike at any age, but it mainly affects children under five Polio is most often spread from poor hygiene practices. Most people infected with polio have no signs of illness Most people infected with the poliovirus have no signs of illness and are never aware they have been infected. Unlike most diseases, polio can be completely eradicated There is no cure, but there are safe and effective vaccines. COVID is disrupting life-saving immunization services Routine childhood immunization services have been substantially disrupted due to the COVID pandemic putting millions of children at risk of contracting vaccine-preventable diseases.
Related topics Polio. Policy advocacy. More to explore. Become a donor Social. Contact us Legal. Signs and symptoms of non-paralytic polio can last from one to 10 days.
These signs and symptoms can be flu-like and can include:. About 1 percent of polio cases can develop into paralytic polio. Paralytic polio leads to paralysis in the spinal cord spinal polio , brainstem bulbar polio , or both bulbospinal polio. Initial symptoms are similar to non-paralytic polio.
But after a week, more severe symptoms will appear. These symptoms include:. Less than 1 percent of all polio cases will result in permanent paralysis. In 5—10 percent of the polio paralysis cases, the virus will attack the muscles that help you breathe and cause death.
This can occur after 15 to 40 years. Common symptoms of post-polio syndrome PPS are:. Treatment involves management strategies to improve your quality of life and reduce pain or fatigue.
As a highly contagious virus, polio transmits through contact with infected feces. Objects like toys that have come near infected feces can also transmit the virus. Sometimes it can transmit through a sneeze or a cough, as the virus lives in the throat and intestines. This is less common. People living in areas with limited access to running water or flush toilets often contract polio from drinking water contaminated by infected human waste.
According to the Mayo Clinic , the virus is so contagious that anyone living with someone who has the virus can catch it too. There are two types of polio vaccine: trivalent oral polio vaccine tOPV , given by mouth, and inactivated polio vaccine IPV , given as an injection.
The recommended schedule for childhood immunization is for IPV to be given at two, four, and six to 18 months of age and between four to six years of age. Adults traveling to countries where polio cases are occurring should review their immunization status to make sure they are immune. In New York State, polio vaccine is required for all children enrolled in pre-kindergarten programs and schools. Maintaining high levels of polio immunization in the community is the single most effective preventive measure.
PPS is a condition that affects polio survivors ten to 40 years after recovery from an initial infection. PPS is characterized by further weakening of muscles that were previously affected by the polio infection. Symptoms include fatigue, slowly progressive muscle weakness and deterioration. Joint pain and bone deformities are common.
PPS is generally not life-threatening. There is no known cause or effective treatment for PPS. Navigation menu. This is called post-polio syndrome. So only people with the paralytic infection are considered to have the disease. Polio has been around since ancient times. This ancient Egyptian tomb painting shows a man with a withered leg unable to bear weight without use of a walking stick.
This means that most muscle fibers are replaced with scarring muscle-wasting that is permanent. If someone had polio as a child or young adult but had k ept or recovered some or all movement of weakened arms or legs, even to the point of being athletic afterward, they can risk becoming weaker in late adulthood.
That is post-polio syndrome PPS , a condition that can affect polio survivors decades after they recover from their initial poliovirus infection. Some PPS patients become wheelchair-bound when they had not been before. An infected person may spread the virus to others immediately before and up to 2 weeks after symptoms appear.
Polio vaccine protects children by preparing their bodies to fight the poliovirus. Almost all children 99 children to out of who get all the recommended doses of the inactivated polio vaccine will be protected from polio. CDC laboratories conduct testing for poliovirus including culture, PCR, genome sequencing, and serology.
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